Treasurers face rising expectations from executive leadership as firms: navigate geopolitical and macroeconomic challenges, adopt new digital business models, and deploy emerging new technologies. Yet, as Treasurers deploy strategies to create value for their firms, they are challenged to justify their investments and queried how their treasury roadmaps benchmark with peers.

Citi set out to answer three questions: Does leadership in treasury matter for a firm? What are the attributes of a leading treasury? What are the key steps needed to get there? Based on its Citi Treasury Diagnostics global benchmarking service, Citi completed a comprehensive study of almost 350 large corporate Treasury practitioners from a diverse set of industries and regions across the globe.

The results are clear: Companies that nurture treasury teams to be leaders enjoy better financial performance. Citi estimates that the top 40 performing treasuries measured in the study may have generated up to $44bn of additional earnings over the last 5 years we attribute to their better treasury performance. Another indicator: Return on Invested Capital (ROIG) across study participants is 10% for those with a leading treasury vs.5.8% for companies that have a treasury classified as a laggard.

"High-performingtreasuries ensure efficient funding of working capital, proactively identify and mitigate financial risks, and deploy liquidity to fund the company's growth." said Shahmir Khaliq, Global Head of Services, Citi, adding "Companies can use the learnings to leapfrog what can be a lengthy process of becoming treasury leaders. And by doing so, accelerate their ability to increase company returns."

Whilst effective Cash and Liquidity Management is a core function for Treasury, today's report highlights that this area contains significant opportunities for improvement for companies in the aggregate. The data shows many companies still struggling with the fundamentals - including complete cash visibility, robust cash forecasting, well-engineered liquidity structures to centralize cash, and high process automation. Meanwhile, leading treasuries are leaping forward, leveraging digitalization as a key enabler for core automation and to leverage data for insights towards more effective decision-making.